"Today, 160 service members were released from captivity," Ukrainian President Volodymyr Zelenskiy said on social media platform X.
He said they had been held captive since 2022 and included not only regular soldiers but also members of the National Guard and border guards.
Earlier, Russian news agency TASS had reported the return of 160 Russian prisoners of war, citing the defence ministry.
The Russian soldiers are currently in Belarus and will be taken to Russia after receiving medical treatment, according to the report.
The exchange was mediated by the United Arab Emirates, according to TASS.
According to Ukrainian officials, Russia and Ukraine have exchanged prisoners of war 76 times.
Most recently, 185 prisoners from each side returned in early June.
It is the only area over which the two parties to the conflict are in dialogue, more than four years after the start of the war launched by Russian forces.
Meanwhile, the Kremlin said Russian President Vladimir Putin and Belarusian President Alexander Lukashenko held talks on Friday that were expected to focus on the war in Ukraine.
Meeting at Putin's Valdai residence in northwestern Russia, the two leaders addressed trade and economic co-operation, the implementation of joint projects and issues of regional security.
Kremlin spokesman Dmitry Peskov earlier told TASS that no press statements or document signings were planned after the meeting.
The meeting follows mounting tension between Belarus and Ukraine after Zelenskiy said he believed Putin was trying to get Lukashenko to step up his support for Russia in the conflict.
Russia and Belarus deny that, and Belarus says it is Ukraine and its allies that are fuelling tensions.
Lukashenko said on Thursday he had met representatives of Zelenskiy and warned them not to try to drag his country into war.
The Kremlin has accused Ukraine of threatening the sovereignty of Belarus after Zelenskiy last Friday gave Belarus a week to remove signal relay stations he said were being used to help guide Russian attacks.
The Kremlin said on Monday that Putin and Lukashenko were expected to discuss Zelenskiy's remarks "in the foreseeable future".
On Wednesday, Zelenskiy said the relay stations had stopped working although there was no independent confirmation of this.
with Reuters
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