In an interview published by Bloomberg, Zelenskiy said Ukraine urgently needed the antiballistic missiles to protect its population and infrastructure from Russian attacks, but the US was taking too long authorising their delivery.
The missiles, for Patriot air defence systems, are the only weapons capable of reliably intercepting Russian ballistic missiles.
"I think steps have been taken to convince Ukraine to capitulate," Zelenskiy said in the interview from Kyiv.
"Some of the supplies have been authorised while the rest have not.
"And this is not a technical problem."
Zelenskiy said his latest proposal to the Trump administration - in response to its demands that Ukraine unilaterally halt attacks on Russia's energy sector - was to stop striking facilities linked to Russian diesel production and exports in exchange for more of the missiles.
"They only want us to stop attacking diesel. And if we attack it, they cut us off from something," Zelenskiy said.
The Ukrainian president last week reported restrictions on the internet connection his military receives through US company SpaceX, owned by Trump ally Elon Musk, which had hampered drone missions.
He also said the US temporarily cut off intelligence that helped Ukraine prepare for Russian ballistic missile launches.
US Secretary of State Marco Rubio denied the pause on Monday.
"I don't know where he's getting these things or why he's saying these things to the press ... There's been no pause," Rubio told reporters.
The deterioration in relations between Ukraine and the US began 10 days ago when President Donald Trump clinched a deal with Russian President Vladimir Putin allowing Russia to resume oil exports despite US sanctions.
Trump defended his approach to the war on Monday, saying he didn't want to drive Russia away from the negotiating table as he sought to broker peace.
"Great progress is being made," he wrote on Truth Social.
He also mentioned "current hostage negotiations", apparently referring to prisoners held by the warring sides, but gave no details.
On Sunday, Ukraine launched more than 1000 drones at Russia in one of its largest aerial attacks of the war, setting an oil export terminal and a depot ablaze in St Petersburg.
One person was killed and five others were wounded, Governor Alexander Beglov said.
Trump has blamed Ukraine for a global diesel shortage. But critics accuse him of trying to distract from the consequences of the Iran war.
Fuel prices have risen sharply since the start of the Middle East conflict on February 28, putting Trump under pressure ahead of the midterm congressional elections on November 3.
Zelenskiy attributed the measures he claims the Trump administration is taking to campaigning.
"Politics is very aggressive during election time," he told Bloomberg.
"I think there's agony now, but after the elections, life will go on, and I think everything will be calmer."
Speaking to NBC's Meet the Press, Zelenskiy said if the US "officially take the side of Russia ... of course we will not prevail and we will not be able to stand".
According to the Wall Street Journal, in a call with Trump that facilitated the Russian diesel deal, Putin proposed a summit with the US president and Chinese leader Xi Jinping to negotiate an end to the four-year conflict that will favour Moscow.
The Kremlin has suggested holding the trilateral dialogue on the sidelines of the Asia-Pacific Economic Co-operation summit on November 18 to 19 in Shenzhen.
with DPA and Reuters
