The national Indigenous children's commissioner-led review comes after a dozen children were reportedly found living unsupervised in squalor in Western Australia's Pilbara.
"Children and families should not have to reach crisis point before governments meet their responsibilities," National Commissioner for Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Children and Young People Sue-Anne Hunter said on Friday.
Reports first appearing in The Australian newspaper described more than a dozen children living unsupervised in squalor in a South Hedland home, about 1600km north of Perth.
Ms Hunter said that while the review's focus was the Pilbara, it would also address nationally significant questions, such as agency coordination.
"Understanding what enables that, and what gets in the way, can inform change elsewhere," she said.
Community members will also be interviewed about their experiences.
WA Premier Roger Cook welcomed the review and said Child Protection Minister Jessica Stojkovski returned to South Hedland on Thursday to talk with stakeholders and local families.
"My priority at the moment is to ensure that people feel heard, to feel that the government is listening, and to make sure that they can talk to the government about the issues that concern them," he said.
"This is a complex situation in difficult circumstances with communities facing deep disadvantage, and my government is working hard, tirelessly every day, to make sure that we get good outcomes."
Mr Cook said his government was working to increase staff numbers and improve critical services in Port Hedland.
The children's case has also focused renewed attention on the murder of three young Indigenous children by their mother Margaret Hawke in Port Hedland in 2022.
Vocal advocates are calling for a coronial inquest into the deaths amid claims of fresh evidence and a cover-up of the circumstances surrounding the murders.
Mr Cook said he would back an inquest and if there was fresh evidence the state attorney-general could speak to the coroner about the process and it may be considered.
"It's an important part of people continuing to find answers to what is a horrible, horrible series of events," he said.
The extensive media reporting about the murdered children also prompted the WA Ombudsman to release details about its review into the deaths in recent days.
Ombudsman Bevan Warner said analysis of reams of agency records, police body-worn camera footage and the children's circumstances in the lead-up to their murders resulted in three recommendations to bolster and improve services.
"Children affected by family violence may be the first to recognise escalating risk," he said.
"Their concerns must be heard, believed and acted upon."
The WA government previously announced a suite of measures to support vulnerable and at-risk children in the Port Hedland area.
These include bolstering child protection staff in the town and creating a local co-ordination group to help government services such as child protection, police, housing and youth justice work together more effectively.
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